Arsenic removal by ashyperaccumulator pteris vittata from. A vacuolar arsenite transporter necessary for arsenic. Arsenic hyperaccumulation in gametophytes of pteris. In addition, an antitumor activity was detected in pteris semipinnata l. The key to growing good pteris is to provide enough humidity and bright, filtered light to keep the plant thriving. They are very common along the slopes of hills and can be seen even at 1200 metres above sea. This is a cosmopolitan fern being distributed in almost all geographical regions. Pdf the structure of petioles in pteris pteridaceae. Plants usually grow in well drained places or in the crevices of rocks. Pteris vittata commonly known as brake fern was discovered to have the ability to hyperaccumulate absorb large amounts of arsenic from soil. Brief description amanda spooner, monday 20 october 1997. Four flavonoids compounds were obtained, the structures were identified as kaempferol 1, quercetin 2, kaempferol3odglucopyranoside 3 and. This plant is listed as rare and endangered in new south wales. Callus induction occurred both in light and dark culture.
Phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated paddy soils with pteris vittata markedly reduces arsenic uptake by rice wenling yea,b, m. Elemental allelopathy by an arsenic hyperaccumulating fern. In the recent years, researchers have searched for naturally occurring or genetically modified plants. Accumulation and speciation of arsenic in pteris vittata. University of california publications in geological sciences 76. The problem of the heavy metal, arsenic, in the soil is much wider than this, of course, since it is a byproduct of many industrial and mining activities, and has been a common component of weed killers and.
They like a steady supply of water and average temperatures, but will quickly show signs of stress in very dry environments. In this study, we used an in vitro model system of p. In an 18d hydroponic experiment with varying concentrations of arsenate and phosphate, p. They are native to tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Phytoextraction and phytovolatilization of arsenic from as. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Lay and collie, and other officers of the expedition, during the voyage to the pacific and behrings 19783050494.
The record derives from tropicos data supplied on 20120418 which reports it as an accepted name record 26602473 with original publication details. The primary root is ephemeral, and is replaced by a large number of adventitious roots developed all over the surface. Uptake and translocation of arsenite and arsenate by pteris vittata l effects of silicon, boron and mercury. Qingen xie, xiulan yan, xiaoyong liao, and xia li, state key laboratory of plant cell and chromosome engineering, center of agricultural resources research, institute of genetics and developmental biology. Arsenichyperaccumulator pteris vittata is efficient in as uptake, probably through phosphate transporters pht. Five sample locations were randomly selected from each site, and soils from the base and 3 m away from each fern were collected to examine the effects of naturally occurring soil as on the. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Arsenic removal by ashyperaccumulator pteris vittata from two contaminated soils. Thelypteris confluens, athyrium nigripes, pteris vittata, metathelypteris flaccida, pteris gongalensis, pteris confusa, cyathea crinita, cheilanthes viridis, pronephrium articulatum, and nephrolepis multiflora have been multiplied through in vitro culture as a part of ex situ conservation1,1215.
Phytoremediation of arsenic and lead in contaminated soil. Stable transformation of ferns using spores as targets. It has been praised for its potential to remediate soils contaminated with arsenic. In vitro propagation of a rare medicinal fern of western. Even though it has the beneficial quality of being a natural bioaccumulator, it is still considered an invasive plant and should be managed as such. Impacts of phosphate amendments on lead biogeochemistry at a contaminated site.
Pteris tremula is a terrestrial fern, with its fronds arising from the ground up to 1. Comparative in vivo imaging of arsenic and phosphorus in. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Arsenic as and antimony sb are chemical analogs that display similar characteristics in the environment. Pteris vittata callus was studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and flow cytometry. Coenosori are marginal, borne continuously on a vascular commissure connected with vein ends. Characterizing the functions of these genes reveals that this fern has evolved a bacteriallike mechanism that allows it. Pteris vittata ufifas center for aquatic and invasive. Pteris vittata interplanting for trapping of arsenic accumulation into potato u. Growing on a dry rocky cliff, it was spindly and less than 1 tall, but in our garden the fern has made a stunning deciduous clump 3 tall x 8 wide in 10 years.
Ang pteris vittata sakop sa kahenera nga pteris sa kabanay nga pteridaceae matang nga nahiubos. However, little is known about its response to cocontamination with arsenic and copper cu. In pteris longifolia, however, the pinnae are articulated to the rachis, whereas in p. The main sporophytic plant body is differentiated into root, rhizomatous stem and leaves fig. This work comprised of the comparative study of arsenic as uptake efficiency by pteris vittata and pityrogramma calomelanos grown in i as amended soils 0600 ppm and ii as tainted water 40 ppb using a new compact continuous flow phytofiltration system in a tropical greenhouse. Arsenic is a naturally occurring, metalloid element that is potentially toxic to most organisms. How does the fern pteris vittata tolerate and accumulate exceptionally high levels of arsenic. Three genes define a bacteriallike arsenic tolerance. We investigated the interactions of arsenate and phosphate on the uptake and distribution of as and phosphorus p, and as speciation in p. Pteris vittata ufifas center for aquatic and invasive plants.
Mcgratha, fangjie zhaoa, arothamsted research, harpenden, hertfordshire al5 2jq, uk b school of earth and space sciences, university of science and technology of china, hefei, anhui 230026, china. It is indigenous to asia, southern europe, tropical africa and australia. The results can also be downloaded as a csv file unicode utf8 encoding see status, confidence level, source for definitions. Four kinds of sporangia, 16, 32, and 64spored and sporangia with unequal spores. Among the remaining 40 polyploid species 38%, there are triploids, 26 tetraploids, and 1 octoploid. Here, we used a onegene transgenic approach for as tolerance and accumulation in arabidopsis thaliana. Interaction of as and sb in the hyperaccumulator pteris. Morphological and ploidy changes of the arsenic hyperaccumulator, chinese brake fern pteris vittata callus tissue are described here to provide insight into fern life cycle biology and for possible biotechnology applications. Pteris definition of pteris by the free dictionary. The as hyperaccumulation efficiency was dependent on the growth medium for the two fern species. Pdf uptake and translocation of arsenite and arsenate by. Application has vernacular full name chinese brake name id 53116756b32142efb9547695c92f7d36. Surface structure and anatomical aspects of chinese brake.
A member of the phosphate transporter 1 pht1 family from. In order to investigate the flavonoids components of p. Provides authoritative information on the flora of western australia. These are slightly sunken, curved and elliptical to oval shape. This study compared the roles of root exudates collected from two fern species, the as hyperaccumulating chinese brake fern pteris vittata l. Pityrogramma, or the gold and silverbacked ferns, consists of about 16 tropical species, which are occasionally. Pteris synonyms, pteris pronunciation, pteris translation, english dictionary definition of pteris. Isolation and identification of flavonoids components from. Expression of new pteris vittata phosphate transporter. Phytoremediation of arsenic and lead in contaminated soil using chinese brake ferns pteris vittata and indian mustard brassica juncea international journal of phytoremediation. A novel arsenate reductase from the arsenic hyperaccumulating. Learn about pteris vittata benzilan benzilan chinese table.
Arsenic, pteris vittata, phytoextraction, volatilization, arsenite, arsenate, greenhouse experiment 1. Recently, transgenic approaches have been designed to develop as phytoremediation technologies. Morphology and ploidy level determination of pteris vittata. To understand how microbial communities and functional genes respond to arsenic contamination in the rhizosphere of pteris vittata, five soil samples with different arsenic contamination levels were collected from the rhizosphere of p. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Sem revealed that the epidermal cells of the pinnae were elongated with raised periclinal and sinuous anticlinal walls. Mechanisms of arsenic hyperaccumulation in pteris vittata. Pteris however, prefers tropical and subtropical climates. Pteris vittata chinese brake or ladder brake fern in particular is a promising choice for phytoremediation. A novel arsenate reductase from the arsenic hyperaccumulating fern pteris vittata1 danielle r. Pteris vittata varies exceedingly in size, density of scales on the rachis, presence or absence of hairs on the abaxial costae, and overall color and aspect of the leaf. Characterization of biofuel production from hydrothermal. Zhao, dunham, and mcgrath, 2002, as well as a non pteris fern, pityrogramma. The fern pteris vittata is an arsenic as hyperaccumulator and can take up very high concentrations of arsenic from the soil.
Among the 106 pteris species examined, 43 40% are diploid, the most common cytotype in this genus figure 1. These signs include brown leaf margins and dropping leaves, although some leaf drop is typical. Pteris vittata in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. The pinnae were hypostomatous with randomly scattered anomocytic stomatal complexes. Root transcripts associated with arsenic accumulation in. Phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated paddy soils with. The fern was growing at a central florida site contaminated with large amounts of copper arsenate in the soil. A protective role for am fungi colonisation in the absence of arsenic was indicated by the. Both species are similar in having 1pinnateimparipinnate laminae, entire and linear pinnae, and free venation with simple or furcate veins. Compared to the 34% level of polyploidy in all leptosporangiate ferns, polyploid speciation is apparently. The largest genus, pteris brakes, consists of about 300 species distributed throughout tropical and warm temperate parts of the world and is known for the large number of hybrids between various species. More than a decade after its discovery, we have made great progress in understanding the uptake, transport, and. Ferns pteridophyta are nonflowering vascular plants comprised of 250 genera, the second largest group of diversified species in the plant kingdom gifford and foster, 1989.
Leafblade ellipticoblong in outline, up to 115 x 40 cm, simply pinnate, tapering towards the base. The mechanisms of arsenic as hyperaccumulation in pteris vittata, the first identified as hyperaccumulator, are unknown. Pteris large genus of terrestrial ferns of tropics and subtropics. In vitro induction of polyhaploid and octoploid pteris. The aim of this study was to investigate the frond proteome of the arsenic hyperaccumulator fern pteris vittata in plants that had been inoculated with one of the two am fungi glomus mosseae or gigaspora margarita with and without arsenic treatment. The light green lacy compound fronds may reach 2 m 6. Thus the sporangia of pteris form a continuous linear sorus along the margin, hence the individuality of sori is lost. The objective of this study was to describe a wide spectrum of surface structural and anatomical details of the chinese brake fern pteris vittata using scanning electron microscopy sem.
Many of them have linear frond segments, and some have subpalmate division. A 5year study article pdf available in chemosphere 206 may 2018 with 204 reads how we measure reads. Pdf differentially expressed proteins improved the. Ang espesye gibahinbahin ngadto sa matang nga nahiubos. Hybrid plants resemble a narrow, skeletonized form of p. Recently, the brake fern pteris vittata has been found to be able to hyperaccumulate as from soil ma et al. In this article we will discuss about the structure and reproduction in pteris.
Field survey showed that chinese brake had large accumulating capacity to arsenic. The type specimen was collected in china by pehr osbeck. However, when this plant is exposed to different as and sb speciation, the associated accumulating mechanisms and subsequent assimilation processes of as and sb remain unclear. Arsenic as pollution is a global problem, and the plantbased cleanup of contaminated soils, called phytoremediation, is therefore of great interest.
The arsenic hyperaccumulating pteris vittata expresses two. After 56 month of culture, callus induction from croziers was about 70% with half strength ms supplemented with bap 0. Click on an acronym to view each weed list, or click here for a composite list of weeds of the u. The impact of heavy metals on antioxidant polyphenols of this hyperaccumulator fern was also analysed 2g. Chinese brake was first discovered in china by means of field survey and greenhouse cultivation. Pteris vittata interplanting for trapping of arsenic. This plant may be known by one or more common names in. Pteris vittata sporophytes hyperaccumulate arsenic to 1% to 2% of their dry weight. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. The sporophyte of the fern pteris vittata is known to hyperaccumulate arsenic as in its fronds to.
A vacuolar arsenite transporter necessary for arsenic tolerance in the arsenic hyperaccumulating fern pteris vittata is missing in flowering plants w oa emily indriolo,a gunnam na,b danielle ellis,c david e. As a result, it may occasionally bear a resemblance to forms of p. Pteris vittata a1c202c this amazing fern was collected on our 1996 yunnan, china trip in benzilan english for hotel from hell. Microbial communities and functional genes associated with. The callus obtained in the experiment was relatively slow growing, of the compact type, brownishgreen in colour, tending to brown with age. T r yon and t r yon 1982 is a subtropical fern of the old w orld, with disjunct outliers in the southern. Salt,d,1 and jo ann banksb a department of cell and systems biology, university of toronto, toronto, canada m5s 3b2 b department of botany and plant pathology, purdue university, west. Pteris vittata, commonly known variously as the chinese brake, chinese ladder brake, or simply ladder brake, is a fern species in the pteridoideae subfamily of the pteridaceae.
Differentially expressed proteins improved the tolerance to arsenic in pteris vittata colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In a previous work,20 we conducted subcritical hydrothermal conversion of pteris vittata l. Furthermore, the bioconcentration factor, defined as the ratio of shoot as concentration to soil as concentration, was greater than 10. Pteris vittata is the first identified naturally evolving as hyperaccumulator. Engineering arsenic tolerance and hyperaccumulation in. Many interesting traits are inherent in various fern species, such as arsenic hyperaccumulation pteris vittata. Arsenate reduces copper phytotoxicity in gametophytes of.
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